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''S-13'' was a ''Stalinets''-class submarine of the Soviet Navy. Her keel was laid down by Krasnoye Sormovo in Gorky on 19 October 1938. She was launched on 25 April 1939 and commissioned on 31 July 1941 in the Baltic Fleet, under the command of Captain Pavel Malantyenko.〔("Submarine of the S (Stalinec) class" at uboat.net )〕 The submarine is best known for the 1945 sinking of ''Wilhelm Gustloff'', a German military transport ship. ==Service history== In the first half of September 1942, under Malantjenko's command, ''S-13'' sank two Finnish ships, ''Hera'' and , and a German ship ''Anna W'', totaling 4,042 tons. On 15 October 1942, caught on the surface while charging her batteries, ''S-13'' was attacked by the Finnish submarine chasers ''VMV-13'' and ''VMV-15''. During her crash dive, the submarine hit bottom, severely damaging her rudder and destroying her steering gear. The following depth charge attack worsened the damage, but ''S-13'' escaped and made it back to Kronstadt. During the next three years, Malantyenko was relieved by Alexander Marinesko and ''S-13'' was repaired and returned to sea. Under the command of Marinesko, then 32, on 30 January 1945, at Stolpe Bank off the Pomeranian coast, ''S-13'' sank the 25,484-ton German military transport ship ''Wilhelm Gustloff'', overfilled with civilians and military personnel, with three torpedoes. Recent estimates calculate that over 9,000 people were killed, the worst loss of life in maritime history.〔("Greatest Wartime Sea Tragedy Becomes Major Film" ), a ''Sea Classics'' magazine September 2007 article〕 On 10 February 1945, ''S-13'' sank another German military transport ship ''Steuben''.〔(Data sheet on the ''Dampfschiff General von Steuben'' )〕 3,300 civilians and military personnel from the ship died, and 300 survived.〔()〕 Marinesko was posthumously awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union in 1990. ''S-13'' was decommissioned on 7 September 1954 and stricken on 17 December 1956. S-13 also damaged with gunfire the German fishing vessel Siegfried (563 GRT), but despite being damaged she escaped.〔http://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/5098.html〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Soviet submarine S-13」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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